American

Artist

Moran, Mary Nimmo

1842

1899

American (North American)

American etcher and landscapist, 1842-1899

female

After

Rousseau, Théodore

1812

1867

French (culture or style)

French painter, 1812-1867

male

The unofficial leader of the Barbizon School, Rousseau is most noteworthy because of his plein-air landscape painting and thick brushwork, which strongly influenced the Impressionists. After studying with Joseph Rémond and Guillaume Lethière, Rousseau began traveling to the outskirts of Paris to paint natural surroundings and eventually settled in Barbizon in 1841. While accepted at Salons from 1831-1835, as his work grew more non-Academic he was continually rejected from Salons until the 1850s (giving him the nickname 'le grande refuse'), even while acquiring a strong following of disciples which included Jean-François Millet and Narcisse Diaz. Some of his most important works are Descent of the Cattle (The Hague, Rijksmus. Mesdag), Avenue of Chestnut Trees (Paris, Louvre) and Edge of the Forest at Fontainebleau (Paris, Louvre). Eventually, Rousseau received the Legion d'honneur in 1852, though his work remained controversial to those in the Museum community, who refused to hold a memorial exhibition after his death in 1867. Comment on works: landscapes